read, — as do the moral writings of the Stoics — like a string of commands stated as necessary for

realising the goal of happiness; so that it seems to be left free to men, on their part, to adopt such

commands, — to observe them or not; while the conception of an abstract subject, “a wise man”

[Sapiens] forms the culminating point among the Chinese, as also among the Stoic moralists. Also

in the Indian doctrine of the renunciation of the sensuality of desires and earthly interests, positive

moral freedom is not the object and end, but the annihilation of consciousness — spiritual and even

It is the concrete spirit of a people which we have distinctly to recognise, and since it is Spirit it

can only be comprehended spiritually, that is, by thought. It is this alone which takes the lead in all